英語の音読：vending machines 2 (2020年度センター試験より）
(3) About 1,000 years ago, a vending machine that sold pencils was developed in China. Later, in the 1700s, coin-operated tobacco boxes appeared in English bars. When people wanted the product sold by one of these boxes, they inserted a coin and turned a lever. The product then dropped down for the customer to pick up. However, it was not until the 1880s that vending machines spread around the world. In 1883, an English inventor created one that sold postcards and paper. This became popular, and soon vending machines selling paper, stamps, and other goods appeared in many countries. In 1904, vending machines came into service in Japan. In 1926, technology had advanced and machines could be set to sell products with different prices. After that, a wider variety of products were sold. When this happened, the vending machine industry expanded rapidly.
(143 words)
(3) About 1,000 years ago,
(3) およそ 1000 年前,
a vending machine that sold pencils was developed in China.
鉛筆を売る自動販売機が中国で開発されました。
Later, in the 1700s,
その後、1700 年代に、
coin-operated tobacco boxes appeared in English bars.
コインで動くタバコの箱がイギリスの酒場に登場しました。
When people wanted the product sold by one of these boxes,
これらの箱の一つで売られているタバコがほしい時は、
they inserted a coin and turned a lever.
コインを入れてレバーを回しました。
The product then dropped down for the customer to pick up.
すると客が拾い上げられるように、タバコが落ちてきました。
However,
しかし、
it was not until the 1880s
やっと 1880 年代になってからのことである、
that vending machines spread around the world.
自動販売機が世界中に広まることになったのは。
In 1883,
1883 年に、
an English inventor created one
イギリス人の発明家がつくりました、
that sold postcards and paper.
ハガキや紙を売る。
This became popular,
これが人気となり、
and soon vending machines selling paper, stamps,and other goods appeared
まもなく紙や切手や他の商品を売る自動販売機が現れました、
in many countries.
多くの国々に。
In 1904,
1904 年に、
自動販売機が日本でも利用されるようになりました。
vending machines came into service in Japan.
In 1926,
1926 年には、
technology had advanced
技術が進歩し、
and machines could be set to sell products with different prices.
異なる価格の商品を機械で売ることができるようになりました。
After that,
その後、
a wider variety of products were sold.
さらに多くの種類の製品が売られるようになりました。
When this happened,
このことが起こると、
the vending machine industry expanded rapidly.
自動販売機産業が急速に拡大しました。
英語の音読：Nurse portrayed as superhero by Banksy
Nurse portrayed as superhero in new Banksy artwork
Boy chooses health worker to play with over Batman and Spiderman in new piece unveiled at British hospital.
英語のあとに、同じような内容が日本語で録音されています。
A new Banksy artwork paying tribute to National Health Service workers has turned up at Southampton General Hospital in England. The painting, titled Game Changer (2020), was delivered to the hospital along with a note that says: “Thanks for all you’re doing. I hope this brightens the place up a bit, even if its only black and white.”
In this new artwork by Banksy that encapsulates the gratitude Britons have felt toward the country's National Health Service during the coronavirus crisis.
"An inspirational backdrop to pause and reflect in these unprecedented times,"Paula Head, Hospital chief executive said on Twitter.
unveil 発表する、ベールを脱ぐ
backdrop 背景
unprecedented 前例のない
encapcel カプセル化する
gratitude 感謝
cbc.ca より
英語の音読：vending machines (2020年度センター試験）
(1) Vending machines are so common in Japan that you can find one almost
anywhere you go. Some of these machines sell train or meal tickets, and
others sell snacks or drinks. They are especially useful for people who want
to get something quickly and conveniently.
(2) While vending machines are found throughout the country today, they were not originally developed in Japan. It is generally believed that the first one was constructed by a Greek mathematics teacher about 2,200 years ago. This machine sold special water used in prayers at temples. People who wanted to purchase the water put in a coin, which hit a metal lever attached to a string. Then, the weight of the coin let a specific amount of water pour out until the coin fell off. This ensured that people received an equal portion of the special water.
(142 words)
(1) Vending machines are so common in Japan
(1) 自動販売機は日本では大いに普及しているので、
that you can find one almost anywhere you go.
たいていどこに行っても自動販売機を見つけることができる。
Some of these machines sell train or meal tickets,
これらの機械の中には電車の切符や食事のチケットを売っているものもあれば、
And others sell snacks or drinks.
お菓子や飲み物を売っているものもある。
They are especially useful
それらは役に立つ
for people who want to get something quickly and conveniently.
特に何かを素早く便利に手に入れたいと思う人にとって。
(2)While vending machines are found throughout the country today,
(2) 自動販売機は今日国中で見かけるが、
they were not originally developed in Japan.
それらは元々日本で開発されたものではない。
It is generally believed
一般的に考えられている、
that the first one was constructed by a Greek mathematics teacher
最初の自動販売機はギリシャ人の数学教師によってつくられた
about 2,200 years ago.
およそ 2200 年前に。
This machine sold special water
この機械は特別な水を売っていた、
used in prayers at temples.
寺院でのお祈りに使う。
People who wanted to purchase the water put in a coin,
その水を買いたい人がコインを入れると
which hit a metal lever attached to a string.
コインは糸に結びつけられた金属のレバーに当たった。
Then,
すると
the weight of the coin let a specific amount of water pour out until the coin fell off.
コインの重みで、コインが落ちるまで一定量の水が注がれた。
This ensured that people received an equal portion of the special water.
これにより確実に人々は同じ量の特別な水を受け取ったのです。
英語音読：back pain (2020年度センター試験より）
You might have been told, "Sit up straight or you'll get a backache." But is it true? People have long assumed that posture has played some role in back pain. Surprisingly, the evidence from research linking posture and backache may be weak. Our back is naturally curved-from the side it is S shaped. Individuals have their own unique bone sizes that determine their body shapes. It has been thought that good posture meant straightening out some of the curves. According to a study examining doctors' opinions, it was found that there was no single agreed-upon standard of proper posture. One researcher even says that often changing your posture, especially when sitting, is more important for preventing back pain. The main source of back pain may be stress and lack of sleep, not the way someone is sitting.
(137 words)
℗ 2020 dearstudents
You might have been told,
あなたは言われたことがあるかもしれません、
"Sit up straight
「背筋をまっすぐにして座りなさい
or you'll get a backache."
さもなくば、腰痛になりますよ」と。
But is it true?
しかし、それは本当でしょうか？
People have long assumed
人々は長い間決めこんでしまっています
that posture has played some role in back pain.
姿勢が腰痛に何らかの影響を与えていると。
Surprisingly,
驚くべきことに、
the evidence from research linking posture and backache
姿勢と腰痛を結びつける研究証拠は
may be weak.
弱いかもしれません。
Our back is naturally curved-
1人の背中は自然に曲がっており,
from the side
横から見ると
it is S shaped.
S 字型をしています。
Individuals have their own unique bone sizes
(各人にはそれぞれ固有の骨の大きさをがあり、
that determine their body shapes.
それが体型を決めています。)
It has been thought
思われてきた、
that good posture meant straightening out some of the curves.
良い姿勢はその曲がりの一部をま っすぐにすることだと。
According to a study examining doctors' opinions,
医師たちの意見を調べたある研究で、
it was found that there was no single agreed-upon standard of proper posture.
適切な姿勢に関して単一の合意基準は全く存在しないことが判明しました。
One researcher even says
ある研究者は述べています、
that often changing your posture,
しばしば姿勢を変えることが、
especially when sitting,
特に座っているときに、
is more important for preventing back pain.
腰痛を防ぐには重要だとさえ。
The main source of back pain
腰痛の主な原因は
may be stress and lack of sleep,
ストレスと睡眠不足かもしれません、
not the way someone is sitting.
人の座り方ではなくて。
英語の音読：Tom Hanks Sends Letter and Typewriter to Encourage the Boy, Corona
英語のあとに、日本語で同じような内容が流れます。
℗ 2020 dearstudents
Tom Hanks Sends Letter and Typewriter to Bullied 8-Year-Old Boy Named Corona
Corona De Vries, 8-year-old boy wrote to Tom Hanks and his wife after they got the virus in Australia.
The boy wrote "I heard on the news you and your wife had caught the coronavirus," "Are you OK?"
He added that he loved his name but was being called "coronavirus" at school.
"I get very sad and angry when people call me this," he wrote.
Tom Hanks kindly replied the boy started as "Dear Friend Corona".
"Your letter made my wife and I feel so wonderful! Thank you for being such a good friend - friends make friends feel good when they are down."
"You are the only person I've ever known to have the name Corona - like the ring around the sun, a crown."
He also sent a Corona-brand typewriter, which he had used during his quarantine in the city.
"I thought this typewriter would suit you," he said. "I had taken it to the Gold Coast, and now, it is back - with you. Ask a grown up how it works. And use it to write me back."
Hanks had hand-written at the end of the letter: "PS! You got a friend in ME!" - a reference to the popular film's theme song.Corona reached out to Hanks because of his role as Woody in the Toy Story films,according to his family.
*****Thank you, Eric C 'Piano Man' for the music.*****
英語音読：NBA (2020年度センター試験より)
In the early history of the NBA, the biggest professional basketball league
in North America, the games were often low scoring and, as a result, not
always exciting. A prime example was a game between the Lakers and the
Pistons in 1950. The result of the game was a 19-18 win for the Pistons.
These games frustrated fans of the day, and this became a major motivation to
introduce a new rule to increase scoring: a 24-second limit for each shot.
The pressure of the time limit caused players to miss their shots more often. After much discussion, the rule was first used in an official game on October 30, 1954.
Ever since, individual teams have often scored over 100 points in a game. This simple change made the game more exciting and saved the league.
(136 words)
℗ 2020 dearstudents
In the early history of the NBA,
NBA の初期の歴史において
the biggest professional basketball league in North America,
北アメリカ最大のプロバスケットボールリーグである
the games were often low scoring and,
試合は低い得点になる ことが頻繁で
as a result,
結果として
not always exciting.
必ずしも面白いものではありませんでした。
A prime example was
典型的な例は
a game between the Lakers and the Pistons in 1950.
レイカーズ対ピストンズの 試合でした。
The result of the game was a 19-18 win for the Pistons.
その試合結果は 19 対 18 でピストンズの勝利。
These games frustrated fans of the day,
こうした試合は当時ファンたちをいらつかせ
and this became a major motivation
これが主たる動機となりました。
to introduce a new rule to increase scoring:
得点を増やすために新しいルールを導入する
a 24-second limit for each shot.
各シュートを24 秒に制限するという
The pressure of the time limit
時間制限のプレッシャーは
caused players to miss their shots more often.
選手たちにシュートをミスさせることがより多くりました。
After much discussion,
多くの議論を尽くした後、
the rule was first used in an official game on October 30, 1954.
そのルールは1954年10月30日の公式戦で初めて使われました。
Ever since,
以来、
individual teams have often scored over 100 points in a game.
各チームは1 試合で100点を超える得点を記録しています。
This simple change
この単純な変更は
made the game more exciting,
試合をより面白くし、
and saved the league.
リーグを救ったのです。
英語音読：Preservation of Food (2020年度センター試験)
One of the most important features in the development of civilization was the preservation of food. Preserving pork legs as ham is one such example. Today, many countries in the world produce ham, but when and where did it begin? Many credit the Chinese with being the first people to record salting raw pork, while others have cited the Gauls, ancient people who lived in western parts of Europe. (Another common seasoning is pepper, which works just as well in the preservation of food. ) It seems almost certain that it was a well-established practice by the Roman period. A famous politician in ancient Rome wrote extensively about the "salting of hams" as early as 160 B.C. Regardless of the origin, preserved foods like ham helped human culture to evolve and are deeply rooted in history.
(136 words)
℗ 2020 dearstudents
One of the most important features in the development of civilization
文明の発達における最も重要な特徴の1つは
was the preservation of food.
食物の保存でした。
Preserving pork legs as ham
豚の脚をハムとして保存することは
is one such example.
その 1 例です。
Today, many countries in the world produce ham,
今日、世界で多くの国がハムを生産している。
but when and where did it begin?
けれども、それはいつ、どこで始まったのだろうか?
Many credit the Chinese with being the first people to record salting raw pork,
多 くの人が中国人を生の豚肉を塩漬けにした記録を持つ最初の民族だと認めている。
while others have cited the Gauls, ancient people who lived in western parts of Europe.
一方で、他の人々はヨーロッパの 西部に生活していた古代民族のゴール人を挙げている。
Another common seasoning is pepper,
もう1つの一般的な味付けはコショウで
which works just as well in the preservation of food.
それは同じように食物の保存に効きます。
It seems almost certain
ほぼ間違いないように思われます。
that it was a well-established practice by the Roman period.
それがローマ時代には十分確立された習慣になっていたことは
A famous politician in ancient Rome
古代ローマの有名な政治家は
wrote extensively
詳細に記述していました。
about the "salting of hams"
「ハムの塩漬け」について
as early as 160 B.C.
早くも紀元前 160 年に
Regardless of the origin,
その起源とは関係なく
preserved foods like ham
ハムのような保存食品は
helped human culture to evolve
人間の文化の進化を助け
and are deeply rooted in history.
歴史に深く根づいています。
